Chapter 9 - Key Terms, Part 1 of 2

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1. Active margin (p. 236)   The border of a continent along which subduction occurs, producing igneous activity and deformation.
2. Anticline (p. 237)   The angle that a tilted bed or fault forms with the horizontal.
3. Axial plane (p. 238)   Nonmarine and shallow marine sediments that accumulate in front of a mountain system after heavy sedimentation from the mountain has driven deep marine waters from the foreland basin there.
4. Axis of a fold (p. 238)   A block of lithosphere that has been sutured to a much larger continent.
5. Clastic wedge (p. 243)   The lateral spreading of a mountain chain when it becomes so tall that the rocks within it deform under their own weight.
6. Craton (p. 240)   The tectonic zone of a mountain chain characterized by folds and thrust faults and positioned adjacent to the metamorphic belt and farther away than the metamorphic belt from the igneous core of the mountain chain.
7. Dip (p. 238)   An imaginary plane that cuts through a fold, dividing it as symmetrically as possible.
8. Exotic terrane (p. 251)   A wedge-shaped body of molasse.
9. Failed rift (p. 235)   A fold that is concave in a downward direction.
10. Flysch (p. 243)   The metamorphic zone parallel to the long axis of a mountain chain and near the igneous core of the mountain chain.
11. Fold-and-thrust belt (p. 242)   A rift that projects inland from a continental margin but that fails to divide the continent into two separate landmasses.
12. Folding (p. 237)   The line of intersection between the axial plane of a fold and the beds of folded rock.
13. Gravity spreading (p. 242)   Tectonic bending of rocks into anticlines and synclines or other contorted configurations.
14. Metamorphic belt (p. 242)   Shales and turbidites that accumulate in deep water within a foreland basin bordering an active mountain system.
15. Molasse (p. 243)   The portion of a continent that has not undergone tectonic deformation since Precambrian or early Paleozoic time.

   

[CH 9 OSG]